If you define genius as working toward excellence, ceaselessly, with every element of your being – then, in fact, my dad is a genius, and so am I, and so is Coates, and, if you’re willing, so are you.

Showing Up

The book is premised on a simple idea – that success in life comes from showing up and not giving up. The Grit Scale is a term readers come across often in the book. It is a test that measures the extent to which one approaches life with grit. According to Harvard psychologist William James, “the human individual lives usually far within his limits; he possesses powers of various sorts which he habitually fails to use.” What makes this a real shame is the fact that effort counts twice.

Talent x Effort = Skill

Skill x Effort = Achievement

Effort builds skill. At the very same time, effort makes skill productive. The actor Will Smith has thought a lot about talent, effort, skill and achievement. He once made this observation

I’ve never viewed myself as particularly talented. Where I excel is ridiculous, sickening work ethic.

Or as the writer and director Woody Allen puts it

Eight percent of success in life is showing up.

Growing Grit From The Inside Out

Quantitative studies of West Point cadets and National Spelling Bee winners reveal there are four psychological assets mature paragons of grit have in common

1. Interest. Passion begins with intrinsically enjoying what you do.
2. Capacity to practice. Focused, full-hearted, challenge-exceeding-skill practice leads to mastery.
3. Purpose. Conviction that your work matters.
4. Hope. Rising-to-the-occasion kind of perseverance.

Growing Grit From Outside In

What can parents do to encourage grit in their child?

There’s no either/or trade-off between supportive parenting and demanding parenting.

The diagram above suggests that there’s not one but two parenting styles continuum. Wise parents are both supportive and demanding. They appreciate that children need love, limits, and latitude to reach their full potential. Their authority is based on knowledge and wisdom. In practical terms, supportive and demanding parents were “models of the work ethic in that they were regarded as hard workers, they did their best in whatever they tried, they believe that work should come before play, and that one should work towards distant goals.” Further, “most of the parents found it natural to encourage their children to participate in their favoured activities.”

Duckworth fervently believes that kids thrive when they spend at least some part of their week doing hard things that interest them. A study conducted by the Personal Qualities Project concluded that follow-through – purposeful, continuous commitment to certain types of activities – is the best predictor of success in life. The particular activities to which students had devoted themselves didn’t matter. The key was that students had signed up for something, signed up again the following year, and during that time had made some kind of progress.

Hard Thing Rule

In Duckworth’s family, they live by the Hard Thing Rule. It has three parts.

1. Everyone – including Mum and Dad – has to do a hard thing. A hard thing is something that requires daily deliberate practice.
2. You can quit. But you can’t quit until the season is over, the tuition payment is up, or some other “natural” stopping point has arrived.
3. You get to pick your hard thing.

Duckworth recommends the Hard Thing Rule for parents who would like to encourage grit without obliterating their children’s capacity to choose their own path. I’m learning Japanese right now. That’s my hard thing. Cory (4) and Sienna (2) are probably a little too young, but I’m going to make Summer (6) and Camper (7) pick a Hard Thing and work on it. It’s ok for them to cycle through different hard things. Duckworth’s older daughter cycled through half a dozen before settling on viola.

To Bring Forth

I learnt from reading Grit that ‘parenting’ derives from Latin and means ‘to bring forth’. This is my wish for parents.

Instead of exam smarts and self-entitlement, how about bringing forth curiosity, purpose, compassion and hope?

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